Transcranial Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is the direct irradiation of the human brain, using a Laser Helmet, with highly focused infrared lasers. Infrared light has the ability to penetrate bones and to bring light energy to the targeted brain areas.
Light energy is absorbed by different types of cells to trigger a broad range of intra-cellular effects.
How Photobiomodulation affects neuronal cellular activity
- Stimulation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (cytochrome c oxidase)
- Release of NO by photodissociation vasodilatory effects, which Improves lymphatic flow and Increases cerebral blood flow
- Activation of beneficial cellular pathways
- Brief increase in reactive oxygen species
- Improved oxygen availability and oxygen consumption, which stimulates cytoprotective, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in cells
- Activation of signaling pathways and transcription factors that cause long-lasting changes in protein expression
These Mechanisms benefit the brain tissue by:
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Protecting the neurons:
- Up-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins,
- Less excitotoxity,
- More antioxidants,
- Less inflammation
Aiding the auto-repair function of the neurons, thus increasing:
- Neurotrophins,
- Neurogenesis and
- Synaptogenesis